It was always our intention to make the database available to anyone who wanted to use it but, recently, we discovered that we dont need to. Their names, travel details, and certain other particulars are preserved on the ship's manifest beneath the heading 'Alien Passengers', as opposed to 'British . The HMT Empire Windrush was a ship which travelled from the Caribbean to Britain in 1948. I have been part of a call to action for a public holiday called Windrush Day on 22 June, the anniversary of the arrival of the MV Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks in 1948. The first group arrived on the ship MV Empire Windrush in June 1948. . The original list is typed rather than handwritten as some were, so far so good, but unfortunately the entries are very unclear in places, so much so that some of the names are very difficult to decipher. or a port of another insular possession, in whatsoever class they travel, MUST be fully listed and the master or commanding officer of each vessel carrying such passengers must upon arrival deliver lists thereof to the immigration officer. The history and impact of the people who characterised mass migration in Britain. She used the Maritime call sign RHWF until 1933[11] and then DIDU until 1945. Monarchy; Best Value Days Out; The Story of Windrush; The Story of Windrush. Holchu was later boarded by the crew of a British cargo ship, the Ranee, alerted by Windrush's warning. Explore 1,027 individual landing cards representing each passenger who arrived on the MV Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks on 22 June 1948. . By Windrush Team - June 20, 2020 2349 0 The countries at which passengers embarked were Trinidad, Jamaica, Bermuda and Mexico. The HMT Empire Windrush carried many migrant passengers that were encouraged by the British government to leave their Caribbean islands and travel to the UK in order to work to rebuild Britain.. [84] This chapter in the boat's history was also commemorated, although fleetingly only, in the Pandemonium sequence of the Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London, 27 July 2012. When the Empire Windrush passenger ship docked at Tilbury from Jamaica on 22 June 1948, it marked the start of the postwar immigration boom which was to change British society. The ship was assessed at 13,882GRT, 7,788NRT. The records are arranged by the port of arrival. [63][64] British forces had been in Greece since 1944, fighting on the side of the Kingdom of Greece in the Greek Civil War. Based on a new transcription of the Windrush passenger list held at The National Archives, the landing cards reflect a single pivotal moment in the life of each passenger; a snapshot of hope, opportunity . [3], In May 1949, Empire Windrush was on a voyage from Gibraltar to Port Said when a fire broke out on board. The ship carried 1027 passengers and two stowaways on a voyage from Jamaica to London in 1948. Windrush 492: Passenger List Port of embarkation Arrival port Passenger surname Passenger forename Passenger Age Passenger Occupation Last known place of residence Country of intended permanent residence 1 Trinidad Tilbury Barrow Lucy 19 Student Trinidad England 2 Trinidad Tilbury Baptisite Mona 21 Clerk Trinidad England In his 2008 memoirs, he wrote that as well as German troops, the vessel was carrying Norwegian women with young children, who were being taken to Germany as part of the Lebensborn programme. This is one of the pages from the passenger list of the Empire Windrush, a ship which brought people from the West Indies to the UK. Resources 1 - videos 4 There are many videos online on the voyage of the MV Empire Windrush in 1948, its historical background and its effects on the Caribbean community and their life in When you have more than six you have a party.". The Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury on 22 June 1948, carrying 493 passengers from Jamaica wishing to start a new life in the United Kingdom. 115 people contributed moving messages of support, including: For Windrush Day 2020, we collaborated with the map-based history websiteLayers of London to create theWindrush: Arrival 1948 map which highlights the addresses supplied by passengers when they arrived in London all those years ago. 86 of the passengers were children aged 12 and under. 7933)", "Lloyd's Register: Navires Vapeur et Moteurs (RHWF)", "Lloyd's Register: Navires Vapeur et Moteurs (DIDU)", "D-LZ 129 "Graf Zeppelin" Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek", "Roundups of Norwegian Jews United States Holocaust Memorial Museum", "Max Manus leader of the Norwegian Resistance movement", "A Windrush passenger 70 years on: 'I have no regrets about anything', 'Empire Windrush' Ship Arrives In Uk Carrying 1948, "The other Windrush generation: Poles reunited after fleeing Soviet camps", "Sam King: Notting Hill Carnival founder and first black Southwark mayor dies", "The non-conformist heiress who sailed on the Windrush", "What became of the Windrush stowaway, Evelyn Wauchope? [citation needed], The ship was renamed in British service. of the ship's records kept by the National Archives. "But then some of us have ended staying for 50.". BECOME A MEMBER . XXIII from Midsummer Derek Walcott SE pp 212-213 SELECTION On Seeing England for the First Time Jamaica Kincaid XXIII from Midsummer Derek Walcott SE pp 214-215 SELECTION Passenger Manifest for the MV Empire Windrush SE pp 216-223 MAKING MEANING Concept Vocabulary gifted; taste; fancy First Read Students Notice, Annotate, Connect, Respond as they read the selection the first time. Which parts of the West Indies did most of these people come from? Its previous port of call had been Kingston, Jamaica, but it had also collected passengers from Bermuda, from Trinidad, and from Tampico in Mexico. The first two to be launched Monte Sarmiento and Monte Olivia were in fact the first large diesel-powered passenger ships to see service with a German operator. These vessels were known as Empire ships and numbered around 1,300. Mr Richards, interviewed by the BBC in 1998, was, like many others, shocked to discover the difference between the "mother country" he had seen in books and the reality he was confronted with. This is a brilliant resource for anyone with an interest in the Windrush, well done to Goldsmiths for making it available free of charge. But she was constructed not in one of the shipyards that then lined the Clyde and the Tyne but in Hamburg, by the German firm Blohm & Voss. Your search will be made easier if you . When the Empire Windrush docked at Tilbury in Essex on June 22, 1948 it was carrying a crowded cargo of around 500 West Indian settlers dressed in their Sunday best. Even the number of passengers has been widely misquoted the number 492 is constantly repeated, even by reputable historians, even though the official list records the names of 1027. Successful projects can use their funding to mark Windrush Day 2021 or launch their projects on 22 June to run throughout the year, following the impact of COVID-19. Published 20 May 2022 35 charities, community groups and councils across England to receive share of 500,000 to commemorate Windrush Day on 22 June Commemorative schemes include festivals,. Many former servicemen took this opportunity to return to Britain with the hopes of finding better employment, including, in some cases, rejoining the RAF; others decided to make the journey just to see what the "mother country" was like. "They tell you it is the 'mother country', you're all welcome, you all British. CARPATHIA 6/18/1912 The ship also carried two Scotch marine boilers to produce high-pressure steam for some auxiliary machinery. [85], In 2020, a fund-raising effort was begun for a project to recover one of the ship's anchors as a monument to the people of the Windrush generation. The Windrush Generation Windrush Day marks the anniversary of the arrival of MV Empire Windrush at the Port of Tilbury on 22 June 1948. The former passenger liner's journey up the Thames on that misty June day is now regarded as the symbolic starting point of a wave of Caribbean migration between 1948 and 1971 known as the "Windrush generation". She mentioned that she thought her uncle had also been on the Windrush and we used our own database to confirm that there were only two other men called Collins on the ship, passenger number 588, Claud, and 608, Melvin. means Household Domestic, someone like a servant or a cleaner). Source 3. Archives, Open Government Licence We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. The chief officer heard the explosion from the ship's bridge and assembled the ship's firefighting squad, who happened to be on deck at the time doing routine work. Of the 46, all but two were murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp. [73], Around 26 hours after Empire Windrush had been abandoned, she was reached by HMSSaintes of the Royal Navy's Mediterranean Fleet 100km northwest of Algiers. Windrush passenger landing cards have been reimagined and recreated to represent those destroyed by the Home Office in 2010. Neither Claud or Rudolph had an address to go to so they both spent their first nights in England at the Clapham South Deep Shelter. You can rearrange the order of the list by clicking on the little arrow head on the right of the column headers (eg Gender) and selecting 'Sort A-Z'. Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Entirely by chance we bumped into Margaret Collins the daughter of passenger number 589, Rudolph Collins, she was visiting at the same time as us. This article was first published on 27 April 2018. [3] On arrival, the stowaways were tried at Liverpool Magistrates Court. As with any typed list there will be cases where the typist simply made a mistake. Many were enticed to cross the Atlantic by job opportunities amid the UK's post-war labour shortage. In collaboration with community representatives, the term 'Windrush Generation' has been defined as the people who emigrated from the Caribbean to Britain between the arrival of the MV Empire. View the catalogue description for. [14], Monte Rosa ran aground off Thorshavn, Faroe Islands, on 23 July 1934,[15] but was refloated the next day. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, US National Archives and Records Administration, Friends of The National The order was given to wake the passengers and crew and assemble them at their emergency stations, but the ship's public address system was not working, nor were its air and steam whistles, so the order had to be transmitted by word of mouth. Look at the Ships List website for information about passenger lists to Canada, USA, Australia and even some for South Africa, as well as immigration reports and newspaper records. There were also 86 children aged 12 and under. The Germans were unwilling to risk moving the ship to a German dockyard for repair, so in October Monte Rosa was used to carry hundreds of civilian workers and engineers to Altafjord where they would repair the Tirpitz in situ. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. [83], In 1998, an area of public open space in Brixton, London, was renamed Windrush Square to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the arrival of Empire Windrush's West Indian passengers. The vessel was operated for the British Government by the New Zealand Shipping Company,[7][35] and made one voyage only to the Caribbean before resuming normal trooping voyages. WHEN the passenger liner HMT Empire Windrush docked at Port of Tilbury on the River Thames in June 1948 with hundreds of Caribbean immigrants aboard, it was a key moment in the establishment of multicultural Britain.The vessel later came to symbolise the scandalous way in which the government treated many of the so-called Windrush generation - who celebrate a day of recognition on June 22. [48], The non-Caribbean people on the ship included serving RAF officer, Sierra Leonean John Henry Clavell Smythe, acting as a welfare-officer; he would go on to become Attorney General of Sierra Leone. [7] Her passengers included recovering wounded United Nations veterans of the Korean War, and some soldiers from the Duke of Wellington's Regiment who had been wounded at the Third Battle of the Hook in May 1953. 2023 BBC. It was conceived and curated by Dr John Price, Head of the Department of History, in collaboration with Will Cenci, Public Engagement Manager. However, he stated that the government was opposed to this immigration, and all possible steps would be taken by the Colonial Office and the Jamaican Government to discourage it. However, genealogists sometimes find that their ancestor's name is crossed off of a passenger manifest . Embarking at Kingston, Trinidad and Bermuda. Margaret was puzzled by this as she had never known her uncle by either of those names. That extra i is enough to throw search engines looking for Baptiste off the scent. [25][26] The ship was travelling south, escorted by two flak ships, a destroyer and by German fighters. Graves, Seventh Engineer A. Webster and Eighth Engineer Leslie Pendleton. At the start of World War II, Monte Rosa was allocated for military use. The bodies of the four men killed were not recovered, and were lost when the ship sank. June 2020: To mark this year's Windrush Day, on 22 June, we have retrieved this article from our archives. This iteration of the exhibition coincided with Black History Month and transformed an otherwise empty retail unit in Lewisham Shopping Centre. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence In British service, she continued to be used as a troopship until March 1954, when the vessel caught fire and sank in the Mediterranean Sea with the loss of four crewmen. Jamaican artist and master potter Cecil Baugh was also among the passengers. It was two different things," he said. Below is a new transcription of the Windrush passenger list held at The National Archives. Report of the British Consul in Algiers for the, This page was last edited on 22 March 2023, at 10:51. Please ensure the tag is appropriate for the record. Although most passengers travelled beyond Europe, a significant number sailed to the UK. Monte Cervantes sank near Tierra del Fuego in 1930. [82][7] An alternative theory was that a fuel pipe fractured and deposited fuel oil onto a hot exhaust pipe. [80], An inquiry into the sinking of Empire Windrush was held in London between the 21 June and 7 July 1954. [58], Many of Empire Windrush's passengers only intended to stay for a few years but, although a number did return, the majority remained to settle permanently. Find step-by-step Literature solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: From which country are all of the British passengers listed on pages 2 and 3 of the passenger manifest for the MV Empire Windrush?. HMT Empire Windrush is best remembered today for bringing one of the first large groups of post-war West Indian immigrants to the United Kingdom. LA.RI.11-12.1 Accurately cite strong and thorough textual . One of the challenges we set ourselves in 2018 was to transcribe the list into a searchable database. [30] The mines detonated when the ship was near resund, damaging the hull; she remained afloat and returned to harbour under her own power. She had a depth of 37ft 9in (11.51m). [3] But Windrush's 1948 voyage became very well-known; British Caribbean people who came to the United Kingdom in the period after World War II, including those who came on other ships, are sometimes referred to as the Windrush generation. told the BBC in 1998 that the atmosphere on the ship was "jolly". And Jamaican people are happy-go-lucky people. [citation needed], On 7 February 1953, around 200 miles (320km) south of the Nicobar Islands, Windrush sighted a small cargo ship, the Holchu, adrift and sent out a general warning. [66] The fate of Holchu's crew remains unknown and the incident is cited in several works on Ufology and the Bermuda Triangle. The first two ships (MV Monte Sarmiento and MV Monte Olivia) were built for that purpose with single-class passenger accommodation of 1,150 in cabins and 1,350 in dormitories. The emergency generator powered the ship's emergency lighting, bilge pump, fire pump and the radio. The transportation of military troops was not recorded in passenger lists. You can search and filter it using the controls at the top. What was life like on-board the Windrush? The fact that the two young men had consecutive numbers and both went to Clapham cant be entirely accidental surely? Many were the wives and children of servicemen in the Free Polish Forces. The MV Empire Windrush arrived at Tilbury docks on 21 June 1948. Windrush was one of around sixty empire ships that were named after British rivers. Even after very careful scrutiny, some of the names can only be guessed at. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the most popular destination recorded by passengers from the Caribbean was London - 296 people gave the city as their planned place of residence. If you don't have an account please register. They found no trace of the five crew and the vessel was towed to Colombo. In the event, the emigrant trade was less than expected and the two ships were repurposed as cruise ships, operating in Northern European waters, the Mediterranean and around South America. The Thames Clipper boats will dock where the MV Empire Windrush came in on 22 June 1948, allowing a generation of people to move through the Cruise Terminal on Tilbury's riverside to start a new life in the UK. It refers to the ship MV Empire Windrush . She was later used as an accommodation and recreational ship attached to the battleship Tirpitz, stationed in the north of Norway, from where Tirpitz and her flotilla attacked the Allied convoys en route to Russia. HMT Empire Windrush, originally MV Monte Rosa, was a passenger liner and cruise ship launched in Germany in 1930. According to the RAF, dozens of the Caribbean passengers were also RAF airmen returning from leave or veterans re-joining the service. Advice for the Windrush generation on what to do next. Two ships were sunk in Kiel harbour by separate wartime air-raids, Monte Sarmiento in February 1942 and Monte Olivia in April 1945. [7], The ship did not have a sprinkler system. Carrying a documented number of 492 passengers, adults and children docked in Tilbury on the 22nd of June 1948 to begin their new lives. New Jersey Student Learning Standards (NJSLS-S) LA.RL.11-12.10b By the end of grade 12, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poems, at grade level or above. The majority were men, though there were also sizeable numbers of women and children. [7], The Monte-Class ships were named after mountains in Europe or South America. These lists do not include passengers who joined ships en route. The British troopship HMT Empire Windrush anchored at Tilbury Docks, Essex, on 21 June 1948 carrying hundreds of passengers from the Caribbean hoping for a new life in Britain - alongside hundreds from elsewhere. These landing cards were recreated using information contained in the passenger list. Explore recreations of 1,027 individual landing cards representing each passenger who arrived on the MV Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks on 22 June 1948. For records of passengers after 1960 it may be worth contacting the relevant shipping line. Read about our approach to external linking. According to the ship's records, most of the Windrush's passengers got on in Jamaica, but others also joined the vessel in Trinidad, Tampico and Bermuda. [75], While the ship's 22 lifeboats could accommodate all on board, thick smoke and the lack of electrical power prevented many of them from being launched. What became of the Windrush stowaway, Evelyn Wauchope? According to the ship's passenger lists, more than half of the 1,027 listed official passengers on board (539) gave their last country of residence as Jamaica, while 139 said Bermuda and 119 stated England. Among them were John Hazel, 21, a boxer, Harold Wilmot, 32, a case maker and John Richards, 22, a carpenter, seen here in a photograph taken on arrival - alongside their records from the National Archives passenger list. However, due to the poor condition of the document, there may be unintended errors in our transcription. [50][Note 3]. The original passenger list for the journey of the MV Empire Windrush from the Caribbean to Tilbury in May/June 1948 is held at the National Archives at Kew in south west London. The ship - which dropped anchor on 21 June and released its travellers a day later - was carrying 1,027 passengers, including two stowaways, according to BBC analysis of the ship's records kept by the National Archives. [72], The ships responding to Windrush's distress call were the Dutch ship MVMentor, the British P&O Cargo liner MVSocotra, the Norwegian ship SSHemsefjell and the Italian ships SSTaigete and SSHelschell. [49] Another passenger was Nancy Cunard, English writer and heiress to the Cunard shipping fortune, who was on her way back from Trinidad. In June of that year the ship arrived at Tilbury near London . Become an English Heritage Member and take full advantage of free entry to over 400 sites plus free or discounted . Many then moved into rented houses and rooms in the Brixton and Clapham areas, working for employers such as the National Health Service or London Transport. At the end of the war, she was taken by the British Government as a prize of war and renamed the Empire Windrush. Embarking at Kingston, Trinidad and Bermuda. [72][73], On board were 222 crew and 1,276 passengers, including military personnel and some women and children, dependents of some of the military personnel. Our own transcription will inevitably contain typing errors no matter how careful we were. Prior to 1962, the UK had no immigration control for CUKCs, who could settle indefinitely in the UK without restrictions. Sam King, who had served in England with the wartime RAF, was among them. Passengers disembarking from Empire Windrush at Tilbury Dock, 22 June 1948 privacy policy, Need more context? Help us improve catalogue descriptions by adding tags. As for the ship itself, it made its final voyage in 1954, catching fire and sinking in the Mediterranean Sea with the loss of four members of crew. Use the arrows or press 'enter' to move through your search results. v3.0, except where otherwise stated, Transcript of the Empire Windrush passenger list (BT 26/1237), Friends of The National LA.RI.11-12.1 Accurately cite strong and thorough textual . The story of the Empire Windrush starts pre-war when, in 1936, Blohm and Voss shipbuilders of Hamburg built the ship. LinkedIn. [74] With 1498 people on board, the ship was almost completely full as it was certified to carry 1541. The listed occupations on the passenger lists give some indication of the wide range of skills that were on offer. Interestingly, 109 passengers didn't give any address, perhaps indicating they had no fixed plan on arrival. [57] Despite this, the first legislation controlling immigration was not passed until 1962. You can filter by name, port of embarkation, gender, martial status, age, residence and occupation. The crew of the other (one of whom was the squadron commanding officer) survived to become prisoners of war. The British Nationality Act 1948, giving the status of citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies (CUKC status) to all British subjects connected with the United Kingdom or a British colony, was going through parliament, and some Caribbean migrants decided to embark "ahead of the game". [74] Although some people were in the sea for two hours,[73] all were rescued and the only fatalities were the four crew killed in the engine room. With up to fifty thousand shoppers passing through per day, the exhibition reached a huge local audience for whom it was especially resonant. From War to Windrush explores how, despite facing discrimination during their service, many former Black West Indian servicemen and women and civilian war workers returned to settle in Britain after the Second World War. The BBC's handy little pamphlet - Going to Britain? You can hear more of the conversations sparked by the theme of arrival on theConversation Booth website. Despite this, Hamburg Sd remained confident in the design and quickly ordered two more ships, the MV Monte Pascoal and the MV Monte Rosa. [citation needed], The ship's designation prefix was also changed, from "MV" (Motor Vessel) to "HMT". Passenger Lucile Harris, who settled in Britain from the Caribbean, recalled her arrival in Tilbury in an interview with the BBC in 1998 to mark the 50th anniversary of the Windrush sailing. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. Passenger lists are not held by The National Archives after 1960, when air travel became more common. In Germany in 1930 she had never known her uncle by either of those.! Did n't give any address, perhaps indicating they had no immigration control for CUKCs, who served... 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To subscribe to this blog and receive notifications passenger manifest for the mv empire windrush quizlet new posts by email Windrush was passenger! To the poor condition of the challenges we set ourselves in 2018 was to transcribe the list into searchable. Windrush Team - June 20, 2020 2349 0 the countries at which passengers were... Was travelling south, escorted by two flak ships, a significant sailed... Arrived on the ship was almost completely full as it was two different things, '' he said Monte! As a prize of war and renamed the Empire Windrush was held in London between the 21 1948... Had consecutive numbers and both went to Clapham cant be entirely accidental surely different things, '' said... Was among them last edited on 22 March 2023, at 10:51, bilge pump fire. Rosa, was among them 26 ] the ship carried 1027 passengers and stowaways... Of arrival on theConversation Booth website the list into a searchable database passengers after 1960 when... 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